Laravel 12 CRUD Operations: Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners
Laravel 12, the latest version of the powerful PHP framework, continues to simplify web development with its elegant syntax and expressive features. If you're looking to build Create, Read, Update, and Delete (CRUD) functionality into your Laravel application, this guide is for you.
In this blog post, we'll walk through the entire process of creating a CRUD application in Laravel 12 from scratch.
🛠️ Prerequisites
Before getting started, make sure you have the following installed:
- PHP >= 8.1
- Composer
- Laravel 12
- A database (MySQL/PostgreSQL etc.)
- A basic understanding of Laravel
Step 1: Create a New Laravel Project
composer create-project laravel/laravel laravel-crud-app
Navigate to your project directory:
bash
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cd laravel-crud-app
🗃️ Step 2: Configure Your .env File
Update your .env file with your database credentials:
env
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DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=laravel_crud
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=
Run migration setup:
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php artisan migrate
📦 Step 3: Create a Model and Migration
Let’s say we want to manage Products.
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php artisan make:model Product -m
In the migration file (database/migrations/xxxx_create_products_table.php), define the schema:
php
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public function up(): void
{
Schema::create('products', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->id();
$table->string('name');
$table->text('description')->nullable();
$table->decimal('price', 8, 2);
$table->timestamps();
});
}
Run the migration:
bash
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php artisan migrate
🧑🎨 Step 4: Create a Controller
bash
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php artisan make:controller ProductController --resource
This command creates a controller with all basic CRUD methods (index, create, store, show, edit, update, destroy).
🖊️ Step 5: Define Routes
Open routes/web.php and add:
php
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use App\Http\Controllers\ProductController;
Route::resource('products', ProductController::class);
🖼️ Step 6: Create Views with Blade
Create a folder in resources/views/products and add the following Blade templates:
1. index.blade.php – List All Products
2. create.blade.php – Create Product
3. edit.blade.php – Edit Product
4. show.blade.php – Show Product
Example: index.blade.php
blade
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@extends('layout')
@section('content')
<h1>All Products</h1>
<a href="{{ route('products.create') }}">Add Product</a>
<ul>
@foreach ($products as $product)
<li>
{{ $product->name }} - ${{ $product->price }}
<a href="{{ route('products.edit', $product->id) }}">Edit</a>
<form action="{{ route('products.destroy', $product->id) }}" method="POST" style="display:inline;">
@csrf
@method('DELETE')
<button>Delete</button>
</form>
</li>
@endforeach
</ul>
@endsection
You can repeat this structure for create.blade.php, edit.blade.php, etc.
🧠 Step 7: Fill Controller Methods
Inside ProductController.php:
php
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use App\Models\Product;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
public function index() {
$products = Product::all();
return view('products.index', compact('products'));
}
public function create() {
return view('products.create');
}
public function store(Request $request) {
$request->validate([
'name' => 'required',
'price' => 'required|numeric',
]);
Product::create($request->all());
return redirect()->route('products.index')->with('success', 'Product created successfully.');
}
public function edit(Product $product) {
return view('products.edit', compact('product'));
}
public function update(Request $request, Product $product) {
$request->validate([
'name' => 'required',
'price' => 'required|numeric',
]);
$product->update($request->all());
return redirect()->route('products.index')->with('success', 'Product updated successfully.');
}
public function destroy(Product $product) {
$product->delete();
return redirect()->route('products.index')->with('success', 'Product deleted successfully.');
}
Don't forget to add the fillable fields in Product.php:
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protected $fillable = ['name', 'description', 'price'];
🎉 Done!
You now have a fully functional CRUD application in Laravel 12. You can enhance it with validation, search, pagination, authentication, and more.
🚀 Final Thoughts
This CRUD system forms the foundation for many real-world web applications. Once you master this, you're well on your way to building powerful Laravel apps.
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